طراحی یک شبکه زنجیره تأمین بنزین پایدار و تاب‌آور تحت شرایط عدم قطعیت اختلال (مطالعه موردی: شبکه زنجیره تأمین بنزین استان خراسان رضوی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: امروزه تحولات گسترده سیاسی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی و محیطی باعث شده است که طراحی شبکه زنجیره تأمین بنزین یکی از چالش‌های دولت‌ها شود و ابعاد مهم دیگری همچون پایداری و تاب‌آوری در طراحی این شبکه‌ ضرورت یابد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر ارائه یک مدل ریاضی طراحی شبکه زنجیره تأمین بنزین سه سطحی با در نظر گرفتن رویکردهای پایداری و تاب‌آوری به‌صورت هم‏زمان است.
روش: روش این پژوهش، از نوع بنیادی ـ کاربردی است و مدل ریاضی توسعه یافته در آن، یک مدل چند هدفه احتمالی دومرحله‌ای مبتنی بر سناریو است که ریسک‌های اختلال در زنجیره را در قالب سناریوهای احتمالی در نظر می‌گیرد. اختلال‌های در نظر گرفته شده در این پژوهش عبارت‌اند از: اختلال در تأمین به‌دلیل تخریب ظرفیت تولید پالایشگاه‌ها، کاهش واردات بنزین تحت تأثیر فشارهای سیاسی، تخریب تسهیلات ذخیره‌سازی و افزایش ناگهانی تقاضای برخی از نقاط. به‌منظور یافتن جواب‌های استوار در مقابل تغییرات ناشی از سناریوها، از روش بهینه‌سازی استوار آغزاف و برای یافتن جواب‌های کارای مدل چندهدفه از رویکرد ترابی ـ حسینی بهره برده شده است.
یافته‌ها: کمّی‌سازی رویکردهای پایداری شامل هزینه ایجاد شبکه، اثرهای زیست‌محیطی ناشی از انتشار گاز 2CO در اثر تولید و انتقال بنزین در شبکه و اثرهای اجتماعی توسعه شبکه بر بهبود فرصت‌های شغلی و ارتقای وضعیت اقتصادی مناطق محلی، یکی از  یافته‌های مهم این پژوهش است. یافته مهم دیگر این پژوهش، توسعه رویکردی کمّی برای بهینه‌سازی ابعاد مختلف تاب‌آوری شبکه، یعنی کیفیت طراحی، قابلیت‌های پیشگیرانه و قابلیت‌های واکنشی در مقابل این اختلال‌هاست.
نتیجه‌گیری: مدل پیشنهادی ضمن بهینه‌سازی کمّی هر سه بٌعد اقتصادی، اجتماعی و زیست‌محیطی شبکه زنجیره تأمین بنزین، قادر است تاب‌آوری شبکه را نیز در مقابل اختلال تقویت کند. از سوی دیگر، کارایی رویکرد پیشنهادی از طریق به‌کارگیری آن در مطالعه موردی شبکه زنجیره تأمین بنزین در استان خراسان رضوی نشان داده شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a Sustainable and Resilient Gasoline Supply Chain Network under Uncertainty (Case study: Gasoline Supply Chain Network of Khorasan Razavi Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mohammad Khalili 1
  • Alireza Pooya 2
  • Mostafa Kazemi 2
  • Amir Mohammad Fakoor Saghih 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Administrative sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Prof., Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Administrative sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Associate Prof., Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Administrative sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective: Today, extensive political, economic, social, and environmental challenges have made designing the gas supply chain network one of the biggest concerns of governments, local states, and global companies. Due to the development of global regulations about environmental concerns, important issues such as sustainability and resilience are needed to be considered in building up supply chain networks. The purpose of this study is to present a mathematical model of a three-echelon gasoline supply chain network, as well as to consider sustainability and resilience approaches.
Methods: This is a fundamental and applied study. The mathematical model developed in this research is a two-stage scenario-based multi-objective stochastic one that considers the risks of chain disruption in the form of stochastic scenarios. The disruption considered in this study included supply disruption due to disruption of refinery production capacity, reduction of gasoline imports due to political pressures, disruption of storage facilities, and a demand surge in some customer zones. In order to find robust solutions against scenarios, the Aghezzaf robust optimization method was used, and to find efficient solutions. The Torabi-Hosseini approach was applied to the multi-objective model.
Results: Some of the most important findings of the present study were the quantification of sustainability measures, including the cost of network establishment, environmental effects of CO2 emissions due to the gasoline production and transmission in the network, and the social effects of the network development on the job opportunities, while improving the economic conditions of local areas. The development of a quantitative approach to optimizing various dimensions of the network resilience, including design quality besides the proactive-reactive capabilities against these disturbances were the other finding of this study. Proactive capabilities encompass the establishment of backup storage facilities in critical nodes of the chain and devising backup links for transporting gasoline from backup refineries to the disrupted facilities. In addition, fortification of critical facilities to be operable in the face of disruptions was another proactive option considered in the proposed mathematical model. Reactive capabilities included planning the recovery of disrupted storage tanks and gasoline pipelines.
Conclusion: The proposed model, that quantitatively optimizes all three aspects of sustainability, i.e., economic, social, and environmental, in the gasoline supply chain network, strengthens the network resilience against disruption. Besides, the applicability and efficiency of the proposed approach were shown through a real case study of the gasoline supply chain network design problem in the Khorasan Razavi province of Iran. The obtained results showed that the cost reduction in the whole network along with sustainability and resilience achievements were made in comparison with the current condition of the gasoline supply chain in Khorasan Razavi.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Disruption
  • Resilience
  • Robust optimization
  • Supply chain management
  • Sustainability

مراجع

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مدیریت صنعتی
دوره 14، شماره 1
1401
صفحه 27-79

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