مسئله مکان‏یابی و تخصیص هاب با قابلیت حمل‌ونقل مستقیم با درنظرگرفتن تراکم و دیرکرد در هاب

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: این مقاله به‌دنبال یافتن تعداد بهینه هاب‌ها و مکان‏یابی آن‌هاست؛ به‌طوری که بتواند زمان آماده‌سازی و تراکم در ها‌ب‌ها و هزینه‌ها را در حداقل مقدار خود نگه دارد. همچنین این مطالعه زمان دیرکرد را برای شرایطی در نظر می‌گیرد که نیاز مشتری در زمان تعیین‌شده پاسخ داده نشود که می‌تواند به واقعی‌تر شدن شرایط مسئله کمک کند. از آنجایی که افزایش تراکم، باعث می‌شود که کالاها دیر به‌دست متقاضی برسد، در این مقاله برای اولین‌بار، زمان دیرکرد و تراکم با هم، برای مسئله بهینه‌سازی هاب‌های چندگانه با حمل‌ونقل مستقیم حل شده و نتایج آن با تخصیص تکی و چندگانه مقایسه شده است.
روش: این مقاله با استفاده از مدل ریاضی، به حل مسئله بهینه‌سازی مکان‏یابی و تخصیص هاب‌ می‌پردازد. نرم‌افزار گمز برای یافتن تعداد بهینه هاب‌ها و نیز مکان‏یابی به‌کار گرفته شده است. همچنین، از روش لکسیکوگراف برای تبدیل توابع هدف به یک تابع هدف استفاده شده است.
یافته‌ها: این مدل روی داده‌های پُست استرالیا، برای سه مدل‌ تخصیص آزمون شد. سه حالت تخصیص با یکدیگر از نظر هزینه و زمان مقایسه شدند. به‌علاوه، مدل پیشنهادی این پژوهش توانست مسئله را برای 100 گره در هر سه مدل تخصیص به‌طور دقیق حل کند. همچنین تعداد هاب‌ها با توجه به ظرفیت و تراکم هاب‌ها و زمان دیرکرد مشخص شد.
نتیجه‌گیری:  نتایج حاکی از آن است که استفاده از مدل تخصیص چندگانه با حمل‌ونقل مستقیم، قادر است هزینه‌های کل حمل‌ونقل و زمان آماده‌سازی را کاهش دهد و بیشترین هزینه‌ و زمان حمل‌ونقل را تخصیص تکی تحمیل می‌کند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Location-allocating Hub Problem with Direct Transportation Capability Considering Congestion and Tardiness Time in Hubs

نویسندگان [English]

  • Pardis Roozkhosh 1
  • Nasser Motahari Farimani 2
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Economics and Administrative sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Associate Prof., Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Economics and Administrative sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective: This paper seeks to find the optimal number of hubs and their location to keep the preparation time and congestion in the hubs and costs at a minimum. Also, this study considers the tardiness time for the conditions that the customer's need is not answered in the specified time, which can help to make the problem conditions more realistic. Therefore, in this study, the scheduled time and the real-time system are considered. This paper considers the tardiness and congestion time for hub optimization problems with single, multiple, and multiple direct transport allocations. The decision variables in this model determine the number of hubs, the capacity of the hubs, and their location. Congestion and tardiness also affect service time, especially if the capacity and cost of hubs are limited.
Methods: This paper uses a mathematical model to solve the hub problem of optimizing the allocation – location of single, multiple, and multiple with direct transportation. GAMS software is used to find the optimal number of hubs and locations as two objective functions are optimized. The first objective function includes transportation costs, hub setup, and tardiness costs, and the second one consists of the handling time in the hubs and the congestion inside the hubs. The sensitive analysis is investigated for the service time based on the congestion and tardiness time.
Results: This model is tested on AP (Australian Post) data for single, multiple, and multiple with direct shipping allocation models. This study also solves the exact model for 100 nodes allocated to all three models. The hubs' capacity, congestion, and tardiness determine the number of hubs. In this paper, hubs are considered small, medium, and large. Congestion levels are also considered changeable. In addition, a comparison is made between single and multiple allocations concerning cost and capacity limitation to investigate service time. The findings indicate that a hub with limited cost and capacity needs more service time. The lexicography method is also used to convert objective functions into one function.
Conclusion: The more the number of hubs increases, the total costs, including the transportation and hub establishment costs will also increase. Therefore, considering the transportation costs and the establishment of the hub, it can be said that single and multiple allocations can be used in some situations. However, multiple allocations with direct transport have the lowest transportation costs because goods based on the costs are transported through the non-hub and hub nodes. In general, the results indicate that using the multiple allocation model with direct transport can reduce the total transport cost, and a single allocation has the highest transport costs. This paper is helpful for managers and business owners who first want to identify points for building their product or service warehouse. Secondly, they want to have the most optimal type of allocation for transportation from different cities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Allocation
  • Location
  • Tardiness time
  • Congestion
  • Handling time
  • Hub

مراجع

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مدیریت صنعتی
دوره 15، شماره 1
1402
صفحه 150-179

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