تدوین نقشه راه فناوری حمل‌ونقل هوشمند مبتنی بر اینترنت اشیا در صنایع غذایی دارای زنجیره تأمین سرد

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشـیارحسـابداری، و مـدیریت دانشـکده مـدیریت، گـروه ،فـارابی، دانشـکدگان ایـران، قـم، تهـران، دانشـگاه.

2 استاد، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تربیت ‌مدرس، تهران، ایران.

3 گروه دکتری، دانشجوی صنعتی مدیریت،دانشکدگان فارابی،تهران، دانشگاه رایانامه ایران.

4 مربی، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: انقلاب صنعتی چهارم، همه صنایع را تحت تأثیر قرار داده و دنیای دیجیتال، سایبری و واقعی را در زنجیره‌های تأمین شرکت‌ها متحول کرده است. اینترنت اشیا، یکی از فناوری‌های نوظهوری است که بیشترین نمود انقلاب صنعتی چهارم را نمایندگی می‌کند. از آنجا که آینده صنعت غذا به طراحی و مدیریت زنجیره‌های تأمین توانمندشده با فناوری‌هایی همچون اینترنت اشیا گره ‌خورده است، در این مقاله، بر اساس سناریوهای بدیل اینترنت اشیا، الگویی برای تدوین نقشه راه فناوری حمل‌ونقل هوشمند مبتنی بر اینترنت اشیا، در شرکت‌های تولیدی مواد غذایی دارای زنجیره تأمین سرد ارائه شده است.
روش: سناریوها با استفاده از روش‌هایی نظیر تحلیل محیط کلان PESTEL و تحلیل محتوا، بر اساس روش عدم قطعیت بحرانی (GBN)، از طریق مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته باز با خبرگان صنعت غذا و اینترنت اشیا توسعه داده شد. بسته‌های فناوری متناسب با هر سناریو، به‌کمک پرسش‌نامه و تجمیع نظر خبرگان انتخاب شد و تدوین نقشه راه به‌روش کارگاه شروع ـ سریع T-Plan صورت ‌گرفت.
یافته‌ها: با توجه ‌به دو عدم قطعیت بسیار مهم زیرساخت ارتباطی و افق زمانی توسعه طرح، چهار سناریو توسعه داده شد که دو سناریو به‌عنوان سناریوهای مطلوب انتخاب و برای هر یک، نقشه راه فناوری در سه ‌لایه و به‌ترتیب در افق زمانی 10 و 15 ساله تدوین شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: شرکت‌های مذکور با درنظرگرفتن وضعیت فعلی خود و انتخاب یکی از دو سناریو مطلوب، می‌توانند از یکی از نقشه‌های راه ارائه شده در این مقاله، به‌عنوان خطوط راهنمای تجهیز ناوگان حمل‌ونقل خود به فناوری اینترنت اشیا استفاده کنند و از طریق پایش، ردیابی و تسهیم اطلاعات، قادر شوند که فرایندهای زنجیره حمل‌ونقل سرد را بی‌درنگ برنامه‌ریزی، کنترل و مدیریت کنند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Developing an Internet of Things-based Intelligent Transportation Technology Roadmap in the Food Cold Supply Chain

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tooraj Karimi 1
  • Adel Azar 2
  • Bahareh Mohebban 3
  • Rohollah Ghasemi 4
1 Associate Prof., Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran.
2 Prof., Department of Management, Faculty of Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Industrial Management, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran.
4 Lecture, Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective: The Fourth Industrial Revolution affected all industries and transformed the digital, cyber, and real worlds in the supply chains of corporations. Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the emerging technologies that mostly manifests the fourth industrial revolution. As the future of the food industry is tied to the design and management of supply chains enabled by technologies such as the IoT, this paper is to provide a model for developing an IoT-based intelligent transportation technology roadmap based on alternative IoT scenarios in the food-producing cold supply chain.
Methods: In this study, scenarios were developed using qualitative methods such as the PESTEL framework and content analysis, based on the critical uncertainty method or GBN, through open semi-structured interviews with experts in the food industry and IoT. After identifying the best IoT technology stock for each selected scenario, a roadmap was developed using the T-plan quick-start method during a tow-day-interactive workshop.
Results: Communication infrastructure and time horizon of technology development were recognized as the most important uncertainties for applying IoT technology in refrigerated transportation of food cold supply chain in producing companies. Finally, “Mutation Alone” and “Ascent Slow” scenarios were selected and technology roadmaps were developed for each scenario in three layers.
Conclusion: Food companies with cold supply chains can use one of the roadmaps presented in this paper as guidelines to equip their transport fleet with IoT technology based on their current situation and choose one of the two selected scenarios. This would enable them to plan, control, and manage the cold transportation chain process by digitally monitoring, tracing, and information sharing in an efficient and effective way.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fourth industrial revolution
  • Internet of things
  • Technology roadmap
  • Cold supply chain
  • Scenario development
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