مداخله دولت در رقابت بین زنجیره‎های تأمین سبز و غیرسبز

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف: محیط زیست و مسائل مربوط به آن، از جمله مباحث به‎روز و دغدغه‎های امروزه سیاست‎گذاران، سازمان‎ها، کسب‎وکارها و حتی مردم عادی است. مدیران اغلب کسب‎وکارها به دلایل گوناگونی از جمله فشارهای دولتی، خواسته‎های مردمی، افزایش سهم بازار خود و ...، در زنجیره‎های تأمین خود مسائل زیست‎محیطی را در نظر می‎گیرند. در این مقاله دو نوع زنجیره تأمین سبز و غیرسبز سه سطحی شامل تأمین‎کننده، تولیدکننده و خرده‎فروش با توجه به مداخله دولت در مقدار و قیمت محصولات سبز و غیر سبز بررسی شده است.
روش: در این پژوهش، نقش دولت به‎منزله رهبر، برای رسیدن به کاهش هزینه‎های اقتصادی و زیست‎محیطی و افزایش شاخص رفاه اجتماعی با تعیین تعرفه‎هایی برای هر دو زنجیره بر اساس بازی استکلبرگ، به‎شکل مدل برنامه‎ریزی غیرخطی با محدودیت‎های چهار‎سطحی ارائه می‎شود؛ به‎طوری‎که ابتدا تعرفه‎ها (برای زنجیره‎های تأمین محصول سبز به‎صورت پرداخت یارانه و برای محصول غیرسبز به‎صورت دریافت جریمه) از سوی دولت تعیین شده؛ سپس بر اساس تعرفه‎ها، مقدار و قیمت محصولات توسط خرده‎فروش، تأمین‎کننده و تولید‎کننده مشخص می‎شود.
یافته‎ها: برای تشریح مدل، مثال‎های عددی آورده شده است و تحلیل حساسیت روی میزان اهمیت دولت به هر یک از اهداف خود (کاهش هزینه‎های اقتصادی و زیست‎محیطی و افزایش شاخص رفاه اجتماعی) و تأثیر آن بر سود حاصل و تعرفه‎های وضع شده برای زنجیره‎های تأمین بررسی شده است.
نتیجه‎گیری: نتایج نشان می‎دهد که سود اعضای زنجیره تأمین به‎طور چشمگیری وابسته به تعرفه اعمال شده توسط دولت است. همچنین بهترین توازن بین کاهش هزینه‎های اقتصادی و محیطی و افزایش رفاه مشتریان، هنگامی به‎دست می‎آید که دولت برای همه آنها اهمیت یکسانی قائل شود؛ به این معنا که تا حد ممکن می‎تواند هر سه هدف خود را برآورده سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Intervention of Government in the Competition between Green and Non-Green Supply Chains

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Esmaeili 1
  • shahla zandi 2
1 Associate Prof., Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student in Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective: The environment and the related issues are among the most up-to-date topics and concerns of policymakers, businesses and even ordinary people. Managers often look for environmental issues in the supply chain of their businesses for a variety of reasons, including governmental pressures, peoples’ demands, increasing their market share and etc. In this paper, two types of three-tier green and non-green supply chain including suppliers, manufacturers and retailers are considered with regard to the government intervention in the amount and price of green and non-green products.
Methods: In this research, the role of government as a leader is examined in the form of a nonlinear programming model considering four-level constraints to reduce the economic and environmental costs and increase the social welfare index by setting tariffs for both chains based on Stackelberg game. It is conducted in a fashion that, at first, the tariffs are set by the government (supply chains with green products will receive subsides otherwise they will be fined), and then the price and quantity of the products are determined by the retailer, manufacturer and supplier according to those tariffs.
Results: Finally, numerical examples are presented to illustrate the model and the sensitivity analysis of the importance of the role of the government for each of its goals and its impact on profits and tariffs imposed on supply chain has been examined.
Conclusion: The results showed that the profits of the supply chain members are significantly dependent on tariffs set by the government. The best balance between reducing economic and environmental costs and increasing the welfare of customers is obtained when the government attaches the same importance to all of them; this means that it can meet all three goals alike as much as possible.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • pricing
  • Green supply chain
  • Government intervention
  • Game theory
  • Tariff

مراجع

سینایی، محمدرضا؛ راستی برزکی، مرتضی (1397). سیاست‎های قیمت گذاری و سبز بودن در زنجیره تأمین محصولات سبز و غیر سبز با مداخله دولت: رویکرد نظریه بازی. نشریه مهندسی صنایع و مدیریت. DOI: 10.24200/J65.2018.20083
علامه، غزاله؛ اسمعیلی، مریم؛ تجویدی، ترانه (1393). توسعه چندین مدل قیمت‎گذاری در زنجیره تأمین سبز تحت ریسک با رویکرد نظریه بازی‎ها. فصلنامه مدیریت صنعتی، 6(4)،767-789.
 
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مدیریت صنعتی
دوره 10، شماره 2
1397
صفحه 297-314

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