فرا ترکیب روش‎های مدل‎سازی سیستم‎های پیچیده فنی ـ اجتماعی با رویکرد پارادایم چندگانه ـ روش‎شناسی چندگانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه MBA، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف: امروزه اغلب سیستم‌های پیچیده‌ در سازمان‌ها، سیستم‌هایی با پیچیدگی‌های ساختاری، فناورانه و اجتماعی هستند که به آنها، سیستم‌های فنی ـ اجتماعی گفته می‎شود. در مدل‎سازی برای غلبه بر پیچیدگی و تنوع این سیستم‌ها، به روش‌هایی نیاز است که میزان مشابهی از تنوع را در اختیار محققان قرار دهند. با وجود توسعه روش‌هایی در حوزه‌های مختلف تصمیم‌گیری و نظریه سیستم‌ها، این روش‌ها معمولاً بر اهداف و جنبه منفردی از سیستم تمرکز دارند یا اینکه در مدل‎سازی آنها به ویژگی‌های خاص سیستم‌های فنی ـ اجتماعی توجه نشده است. همچنین برخی از روش‌ها، فرایند و چارچوب مشخصی ارائه نمی‌دهند. از این رو، مطالعه حاضر به‎دنبال فراترکیب روش‎های موجود به‎منظور ایجاد روشی ترکیبی برای مد‎ل‎سازی این سیستم‎هاست.
روش: در این مطالعه تلاش شده است که با استفاده از فراترکیب تفسیری انتقادی و بهره‎مندی از دیدگاه پارادایم چندگانه ـ روش‌شناسی چندگانه، فراترکیبی از روش‌های موجود ارائه شود که ویژگی‌های هر یک از سیستم‌های فنی ـ اجتماعی را در نظر می‎گیرد و بر اساس آن، از قوت‌ها و ابزارهای مناسب روش‌های موجود برای مدل‎سازی این سیستم‌ها بهره می‎برد.
یافته‎ها: بعد از اجرای فراترکیب، به‎منظور تحلیل و ترکیب روش‎های موجود 12 مؤلفه شناسایی شد، سپس به‎کمک آنها سازه‌های ترکیبی و تحلیلی برای فراترکیب روش‌ها به‎دست آمد و در ایجاد روش ترکیبی از آنها استفاده شد.
نتیجه‎گیری: روش پیشنهادی که از فراترکیب روش‎های موجود برای مدل‎سازی سیستم‎های فنی ـ اجتماعی به‎دست آمده، قادر است با بهره‎گیری از مفاهیم و ابزارهای متنوع ارائه شده از سوی رویکردها و روش‎های مختلف، جنبه‎های متفاوت سیستم‎های فنی ـ اجتماعی را مدل‎سازی کند. هر چند کارایی روش پیشنهاد شده باید در قالب موردکاوی‎های مختلف ارزیابی شود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Meta Synthesis of the Modeling Methods of Complex Socio-technical Systems with a Multi Paradigm-multi Methodology Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Mohaghar 1
  • Manoucher Ansari 2
  • Mohammad Reza Sadeghi Moghaddam 3
  • Mohammad Mirkazemi Mood 4
1 Prof. of Industrial Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Prof. in MBA, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Prof. of Industrial Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4 Ph.D. Student of Industrial Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective: Today,organizations are dealing with the systems which have structural, technological and social complexities named socio-technical systems. To capture this complexity and variety in modeling, we need methods which provide the researchers with similar level of variety. Despite developing a number of methods in different disciplines such as decision-making and systems theories, these methods are commonly one dimensional or they do not consider special aspects of socio-technical systems. Moreover, some methods do not propose a specific framework to model these systems. Therefore, the current study presents a meta-synthesis of the existing modeling methods and creates a new modeling method.
Methods: The current study tries to present a meta-synthesis of the modeling methods using critical interpretive synthesis and a multi paradigm-multi methodology approach considering strengths and applicable tools of the extant methods.
Results: Following the meta-synthesis, 12 descriptive themes were identified and used to analyze the methods. In addition, synthetic and analytic constructs were identified and used to propose the synthetic method.
Conclusion: The proposed method, which is a by-product of the meta-synthesis of modeling methods of socio-technical systems, is able to model the different aspects of socio-technical systems using diverse concepts and tools of extant approaches and methods. However, its applicability has to be evaluated through different case studies.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Critical interpretive synthesis
  • Principles
  • Steps of methods
  • Theoretical paradigm
  • Tools and techniques
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